\chapter{Introduction}
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Data Link Layer protocols are responsible for data transfer between adjacent nodes, routing of data within a local network segment and providing and regulating access to the physical network layer and allowing services to be run on top. Ethernet, the dominant protocol in this area, has been around since the early 1970s \cite{ethernet}. Research has indicated that Ethernet has a number of issues as the size of networks scale up. A number of different proposals have been made replace Ethernet, notably SEATTLE \cite{seattle} and MOOSE \cite{moose1}. Due to the large numbers of hosts and data involved in performing such a simulation, and the variety of different network topologies I shall analyse, the only suitable mechanism in order to perform this evaluation is under simulation.
\section{Background}
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\subsection{Protocol Stack}
\subsection{Ethernet}
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Ethernet is the most widely deployed and used Local Area Networking - LAN - technology currently in the market. While the physical layer of the standard has undergone a number of iterations, the data link layer protocol has remained largely stagnant due to the lack of motivation and a desire for interopability with current equipment.
Ethernet was first described in a memo on May 22, 1973 at Xerox PARC by Bob Metcalfe who designed it to interconnect workstations and printers in a modern computer network. \cite[p.~125{spurgeon} It was to be a shared medium network based on the previous work by the University of Hawaii in the late 1960's with the Aloha network. \cite{abramson}. Ethernet pioneered the technology by incorporating CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection). This allowed the original Ethernet networks to be a single shared medium network where all the computers were connected together using a single cable. Every computer on the network would recieve all the packets and, based on the header, the Ethernet controller would inform the system when a packet arrived which was for the host in question.